Mapping major CDNs across the globe

In Dec 2022 I mapped popular CDNs like Google GGC, Facebook FNA, Akamai, etc. across Indian networks (post here). Since it’s been close to 4 years now, I wanted to do that again. This time, I decided to expand the scope to the entire globe instead of just the Indian networks.


Mapping logic

The logic here is simple: get unique prefixes from the global routing table, break them into /24s, uniquely sort out /24s, and this gives all routed IP addresses in the world in batches of /24s (256 IPs). Next, identify the ones with an open port 443 and then connect to each of them to figure out the TLS certificate common name. Next, map those IP addresses to AS numbers, locations, etc., using Maxmind’s GeoIP Lite databases. Essentially, I am using the BGP routing table instead of scanning the entire 0.0.0.0/0 to avoid scanning for prefixes which are not routed in the global table as well as reserved private IPs, etc.


Global stats

CDN Provider No. unique ASNs TLS domain Details list URL
Google GGC 4247 googlevideo.com csv & json
Netflix OCA 2903 oca.nflxvideo.net, assets.nflxext.com csv & json
Facebook FNA 2548 ‘fbcdn.net’, fna.whatsapp.net csv & json
Akamai 1094 edgesuite.net, edgekey.net, akamaized.net, akamaihd.net, akamaized.net, akamai.net csv & json
Microsoft 1655 microsoft.com csv & json
Apple 974 apple.com & itunes.apple.com csv & json
AWS Cloudfront 217 *.amazonaws.com & *.awsstatic.com csv & json

ASN-CDN Mapping table

I have mapped ASNs with the presence of each of these CDNs like last time. This makes it easy to read the data instead of going through each of the files separately.

Full data in Google Sheet link here and raw CSV is also published here.


Notes:

  • Facebook FNA serving Facebook with *.fbcdn.net is almost the same if I look for *.fna.whatsapp.net.
  • Apple seems to have presence in over 236 locations with PCH/Woodynet for hosting their DNS over HTTPS endpoint: doh.dns.apple.com (detailed list here)
  • GGC has a global coverage across 215 countries across the world, followed by Facebook FNA/MNA at 204, Netflix at 181 and Akamai at 146. Out of these 172 are common countries across all these.

Map



Indian summary

  • GGC increased from 228 Indian ASNs to 252 between Dec 2022 and June 2026
  • FNA increased from 125 Indian ASNs to 199 between May 2025 and June 2026
  • Akamai has increased from 70 Indians to 74 Indian ASNs between Dec 2022 and June 2026

Notes on the accuracy of data

As explained in the logic - the data is based on the common name in the TLS certificates. If a server does not present the certificate or if these CDNs are using a domain which is not well known yet, I would miss that in this data. Thus as usual - what you see here does exist for sure but there could be more outside of this data.


Disclaimer: This is my personal blog, and hence, posts made here are in my personal capacity. These do not represent the views of my employer.